Microsoft has spotted various kinds of localised malware attempting to dupe users by posing as messages from police forces.
Otherwise known as ransomware, the malicious software renders computers unusable and then demands payment from the target if they want their machine to work again.
The malware authors in recent cases have posed as police authorities, including the UK's Met, asking users to pay a fine for purported use of illegal material, Microsoft explained.
In the unfortunate case that your computer is infected with this malware, don't even consider paying.
The messages claim the user has accessed child pornography and emails "with terrorist background." Those who do pay do not get their computer fixed.
"In order to make the computer functional again, the user is asked to transfer money via a legitimate online payment service, such as Paysafecard or Ukash, to the supposed authorities," said Horea Coroiu, from the Microsoft Malware Protection Centre, in a blog post.
"A quite interesting fact is that the geographical distribution for most of the samples coincides well with the targeted countries. In the case of Trojan:Win32/Ransom.DU, which is a generic detection for a German-language variant of the ransomware that impersonates the German Federal Police, 91.59 per cent of the samples we received from July to November this year were found in Germany."
As for how the malware gets on machines, Microsoft found simple drive-by-downloads were to blame, with the Blackhole Exploit Kit used to infect systems.
Microsoft said several spam campaigns contained links to the exploit kit, some of which is generated by the notorious Cutwail botnet.
"The good news is that no zero-day exploits that we know of are involved, so keeping your software up to date will considerably reduce the likelihood of infection," Coroiu added.
"In the unfortunate case that your computer is infected with this malware, don't even consider paying. If you do so, your computer will not get unlocked anyway, so paying does not actually solve your computer problem."
Microsoft recently gifted IT departments one of the year's heftier Patch Tuesdays, covering 20 vulnerabilities.
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