Intrusive worker surveillance tech risks spiralling out of control without stronger regulation to protect workers, the TUC warned today.
The union body said if left unchecked, these technologies could lead to widespread discrimination, work intensification, and unfair treatment.
60% of workers believe they’ve been subject to some form of surveillance and monitoring at their current or most recent job, according to a new survey published by the TUC. It said that workplace surveillance tech took off during the pandemic as employers transferred to more remote forms of work.
Surveillance includes monitoring of emails and files, webcams on work computers, tracking of when and how much a worker is typing, calls made, and movements made by the worker which is monitored through CCTV and trackable devices.
28% of those polled agree monitoring and surveillance at work have increased since the pandemic, and there's also been a notable increase in workers reporting surveillance in the past year alone - 60% in 2021, compared to 53% in 2020.
“Workers and unions must be properly consulted on the use of AI, and be protected from its punitive ways of working,” said Frances O’Grady, TUC general secretary. “And it's time for ministers to bring forward the long-awaited employment bill to give workers a right to disconnect and properly switch off outside of working hours.”
The TUC highlighted the Post Office scandal as part of its call for stronger regulation, underlining that hundreds were wrongly prosecuted for theft and false accounting after a software error. It said that it must be a turning point on uncritical use of worker monitoring tech and AI.
It stated that the creeping role of AI and tech-driven workplace surveillance is spreading beyond the gig economy into the rest of the labour market. The sectors with the greatest proportion of workers reporting surveillance are financial services with 74%, wholesale and retail with 73%, and utilities with 73%.
The union body warned that there’s a huge lack of transparency over the use of AI at work, with many employees unsure of how surveillance tech is being used to make decisions that directly affect them.
Automated decision making via AI includes selecting candidates for interviews, day-to-day line management, performance ratings, shift allocations, and deciding who is disciplined or made redundant.
The TUC added that AI tech is also being used to analyse facial expressions, tone of voice, and accents to assess candidates’ suitability for roles.
To combat the rise of this technology, the union body is calling for a statutory duty to consult trade unions before an employer introduces the use of AI and automated decision-making systems. It also demanded an employment bill that includes the right to disconnect, along with digital rights to improve transparency around the use of surveillance tech. Lastly, it also asked for a universal right to human review high-risk decisions made by technology.
The TUC pointed out the government recently consulted on diluting GDPR as part of its post-Brexit divergence agenda, despite it providing some key protections for workers against surveillance tech.
It added that the EU is currently putting in place laws dealing specifically with the use of AI, whereas the UK doesn’t have anything like this. The TUC said this is yet another example of the UK falling behind its EU counterparts on workers’ rights.
The TUC found significant and growing support among workers for stronger regulation of workplace surveillance tech. 82% support a legal requirement to consult before introducing monitoring, compared to 75% in 2020. 77% support no monitoring outside working hours, while 72% say that without careful regulation, using tech to make decisions about workers could increase unfair treatment.
